7 Mhando dzeKukanganisa uye Matanho ekudzivirira muAluminium Alloy Welding

1. Welding porosity

Munguva yewelding, mapores anoumbwa nemabhuru akasara mudziva rakanyungudutswa anotadza kubuda panguva yekuoma.

Chikonzeros:

1) Kumusoro kwechigadziko kana welding wire material yakasvibiswa nemafuta, iyo oxide firimu haina kucheneswa zvakakwana, kana welding haina kuitwa panguva yakakodzera mushure mekuchenesa.

2) Kuchena kwegasi rekudzivirira hakuna kukwana zvakakwana, uye mhedzisiro yekudzivirira haina kunaka.

3) Iyo gasi rekupa system haina kuoma kana kubuda mweya kana mvura.

4) Kusarudzwa kwakashata kwewelding process parameters.

5) Kudzivirirwa kwegasi kwakashata panguva yewelding process uye yakawandisa welding kumhanya.

Matanho ekudzivirira:

1) Nyatsochenesa nzvimbo yeweld uye welding waya usati wapinza.

2) Gasi rinodzivirira rakakodzera rinofanira kushandiswa, uye kuchena kunofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa.

3) Iyo gasi yekugovera sisitimu inofanirwa kuchengetwa yakaoma kudzivirira kubuda kwemhepo nemvura.

4) Kusarudzwa kwewelding process parameters kunofanirwa kuve kunonzwisisika.

5) Chenjerera kuchengetedza nzvimbo yakarurama pakati pechigadziko chemoto, tambo yekutsvaira, uye workpiece, uye mwenje wekugadzira unofanira kunge uri perpendicular kune workpiece sezvinobvira;

Edza kushandisa pfupi arc welding, uye kureba pakati pemuromo uye workpiece inofanira kudzorwa pa 10-15 mm;

Mwenje welding unofanirwa kufamba nekukurumidza mumutsara wakatwasuka, uye tungsten electrode inofanira kuenzaniswa nechepakati peiyo weld seam, uye waya inofanira kudyiswa mberi uye mberi nekumhanya nguva dzose;

Panofanira kunge paine zvivakwa zvisingapindi mhepo panzvimbo yewelding, uye hapafanirwe kuve nemhepo inoyerera.

Zvikamu zvakasungirirwa zvinofanira kupiswa zvakakodzera; Teerera kune kunaka kwekutanga kwearc uye kugumisa.

 

2. Kushaikwa kwekupinda uye fusion

Chiitiko chekupinda kusina kukwana panguva yewelding inonzi kupinza kusina kukwana.

Nzvimbo iyo weld bead haina kunyatsonyungudika uye kubatana ne base metal kana pakati pe weld bead panguva yewelding inonzi incomplete fusion.

Chikonzeros:

1) Iyo welding ikozvino kutonga kwakadzikira, iyo arc yakarebesa, iyo welding yekumhanyisa inokurumidza, uye tembiricha yekupisa yakaderera.

2) Iyo weld seam gap idiki zvakanyanya, iyo yakagomara mupendero yakakurisa, uye groove angle idiki zvakanyanya.

3) Kubviswa kwe oxide pamusoro pechikamu che welded uye pakati pezvikamu zvekushongedza hazvina kuchena.

4) Asina ruzivo mumaitiro ekushandisa, asingakwanisi kubata nguva yakanaka yekudyisa waya.

Matanho ekudzivirira:

1) Sarudza iyo chaiyo welding ikozvino paramita. Kana welding mahwendefa akakora, preheat workpiece kusvika 80-120 ℃ usati welding kuti uve nechokwadi chokuti workpiece tembiricha inosangana nezvinodiwa welding.

2) Sarudza yakakodzera welding majoini magapu uye groove angles.

3) Simbisa kucheneswa kwemaokisi pamusoro pezvinhu zvakashongedzwa uye pakati pematanho ekushongedza.

4) Kusimbaradza tekinoroji yekushandisa tekinoroji inofanirwa kutonga nenzira kwayo mamiriro ekunyunguduka kwegorofu kana welding layer, uye kushandisa yakakwira ikozvino (kazhinji, imwe saizi yemvura yakachena uye inopenya yakanyungudutswa dziva inofanira kuwanikwa panzvimbo yewelding mukati memasekondi mashanu mushure mekudzikiswa kwearc, uye waya welding inogona kuwedzerwa panguva ino) kukurumidza weld uye nekukurumidza kufudza neine shoma welding waya. Chengetedza welding inogona kudzivirira kuitika kwekupinda kusina kukwana uye fusion.

 

3. Kuruma kumucheto

Mushure mekugadzira, iyo concave groove panosangana simbi yepasi uye weld edge inonzi undercutting.

Chikonzeros:

1) Iyo welding process paramita yakakurisa, iyo welding ikozvino yakakwira zvakanyanya, iyo arc voltage yakawandisa, uye yekuisa yekupisa yakakura kwazvo.

2) Kana iyo welding yekumhanyisa ichimhanya zvakanyanya uye waya yewelding ichisiya dziva rakanyungudutswa risati razadza gomba rearc, undercutting inogona kuitika.

3) Kusaenzana kusvetuka kwetochi yewelding, yakawandisa kona yepfuti yekubatira panguva yewelding, uye kusvetuka kusina kunaka kunogonawo kukonzera undercutting.

Matanho ekudzivirira:

1) Gadzirisa uye kuderedza welding ikozvino kana arc voltage.

2) Wedzera kumhanya kwewaya kudyisa kana kuderedza kumhanya uye kugara kumucheto kwedziva rakanyungudutswa kuita kuti bhiza rizare zvizere.

3) Kudzikisa hupamhi hwekunyunguduka nenzira kwayo, kuwedzera kudzika kwekunyunguduka, uye kuvandudza chiyero cheiyo weld seam kune yakakosha mhedzisiro yekudzvinyirira kumucheto kuruma kuremara.

4) Kushanda kwewelding kunofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti pfuti yemoto inotenderera zvakaenzana.

 

4. Tungsten clip

Izvo zvisiri-metallic tsvina yakasara mu weld metal panguva yekuputika inonzi slag inclusions. Iyo tungsten electrode inonyunguduka uye inowira mudziva rakanyungudutswa nekuda kwekunyanyisa ikozvino kana kudhumhana newaya yewelding yebasa, zvichikonzera kubatanidzwa kwetungsten.

Chikonzeros:

1) Kucheneswa kusina kukwana kusati kwatungidzirwa kunotungamirira kune yakanyanya oxidation yekuguma kwakanyunguduka kwetambo yekutsvaira, zvichiita kuti slag isanganiswe.

2) Kusarudzwa kusina kunaka kwechimiro uye welding parameters pamagumo e-tungsten electrode yakaguma nekupisa kwekupedzisira uye kuumbwa kwe tungsten inclusions.

3) Waya yewelding yaive yakabatana netungsten electrode uye gasi reoxidizing rakashandiswa zvisizvo.

Matanho ekudzivirira:

1) Mechanical uye makemikari ekuchenesa nzira dzinogona kushandiswa kubvisa okisidhi uye tsvina kubva mugoro uye welding waya; Yakakwira frequency pulse arc ignition inoshandiswa, uye kunyungudika kwetambo yewelding inogara iri mukati menzvimbo yekudzivirira.

2) The welding current inofanira kufanana nechimiro chetungsten electrode end.

3) Kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwekushanda, dzivisa kusangana pakati pewaya yekupisa uye tungsten electrode, uye gadziridza inert gasi.

 

5. Kupisa nepakati

Nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya kwedziva rakanyungudutswa uye kunonoka kuzadza waya, iyo welding simbi yakanyungudutswa inoyerera ichibuda mugoro uye inoita chirema chekuboora.

Chikonzeros:

1) Kuwedzeredza welding ikozvino.

2) The welding speed inononoka.

3) Iyo groove fomu uye gungano clearance hazvina musoro.

4) Welder ane yakaderera mwero unyanzvi hwokushanda.

Matanho ekudzivirira:

1) Deredza welding ikozvino zvakakodzera.

2) Yakakodzera kuwedzera welding kumhanya.

3) Kugadziriswa kwegroove kunofanirwa kuenderana nezvakatsanangurwa, uye gaka regungano rinogona kugadziridzwa kuti riwedzere kubvongodza mupendero uye kuderedza gomba remidzi.

4）Zvirinani maitiro ekushanda

 

6. Weld bead overburning uye oxidation

Zvigadzirwa zveoxidation zvakanyanya zvinogadzirwa mukati nekunze kwemukati we weld bead.

Chikonzeros:

1) Iyo tungsten electrode haina kutarisana nemuromo.

2) Mhedzisiro yekudzivirira gasi yakashata, kuchena kwegesi kwakaderera, uye chiyero chekuyerera idiki.

3) Tembiricha yedziva yakanyungudutswa yakanyanya.

4) Iyo tungsten electrode inowedzera kureba uye kureba kwearc kwakareba.

Matanho ekudzivirira:

1) Gadzirisa concentricity pakati pe tungsten electrode uye nozzle.

2) Ita shuwa kuchena kwegasi uye kuwedzera gasi kuyerera mwero zvakakodzera.

3) Wedzera ikozvino zvakakodzera, kunatsiridza kumhanya kwewelding, uye zadza waya panguva yakakodzera.

4) Pfupisa tungsten electrode kuwedzera zvakakodzera uye kuderedza arc kureba.

 

7. Mutswe

Pasi pesimba rekushongedza kushushikana uye zvimwe zvinhu, kusungirirwa kwesimba resimbi maatomu munharaunda yenzvimbo yejoini yakashongedzwa inoparadzwa, zvichikonzera mikaha.

Chikonzeros:

1) Chimiro chisina musoro chewelding, kuwandisa kwakawanda kwema welds, uye kuzvidzora kwakanyanya kwemajoini akasungwa.

2) Saizi yedziva yakanyungudika yakakurisa, tembiricha yakakwira zvakanyanya, uye kune yakawanda alloy element kutsva.

3) Iyo arc inomiswa nekukasira, gomba rearc harina kuzadzwa zvizere, uye waya welding inobviswa nekukurumidza;

4) The fusion ratio ye welding zvinhu hazvina kukodzera. Kana tembiricha yekunyungudika yewaya yewelding yakakwira zvakanyanya, inogona kukonzera liquefaction kuparuka munzvimbo inopisa inobatwa.

5) Kusarudzwa kwakashata kwe alloy kuumbwa kwewaya welding; Kana iyo magnesium yemukati muweld isingasviki 3%, kana iyo iron nesilicon isina kuchena inodarika iyo yakatarwa muganhu, tsika yekutsemuka inowedzera.

6) Iyo arc crater haina kuzadzwa uye kuputika kunoonekwa

Matanho ekudzivirira:

1) Dhizaini yezvivakwa zvewelding inofanirwa kuve inonzwisisika, uye kurongeka kwewelds kunogona kupararira. Welds anofanirwa kudzivirira kusungirirwa kwekushushikana zvakanyanya sezvinobvira uye kutevedzana kwewelding kunofanirwa kusarudzwa zvine musoro.

2) Shandisa ishoma welding ikozvino kana kuwedzera welding yekumhanyisa zvakakodzera.

3) Iyo arc yekudzima mashandiro ekuita inofanirwa kuve yakarurama. Ilead out plate inogona kuwedzerwa panzvimbo yekudzimisa arc kudzivirira kudzima nekukasira, kana mudziyo wazvino wekudzikisa unogona kushandiswa kuzadza gomba rearc.

4) Sarudza nemazvo welding zvinhu. Kuumbwa kwetambo yakasarudzwa welding inofanira kufanana nehwaro hwezvinhu.

5) Wedzera yekutanga arc ndiro kana kushandisa ikozvino attenuation mudziyo kuzadza gomba rearc.