Nau'o'in 7 na lahani da matakan rigakafi a cikin waldawar Aluminum

1. Welding porosity

A lokacin walda, ramukan kafa ta saura kumfa a cikin narkakkar tafkin da kasa tserewa a lokacin solidification.

Dalilis:

1) Fuskar kayan tushe ko kayan waldawa sun gurbata da man fetur, fim din oxide ba a tsaftace shi sosai ba, ko kuma ba a aiwatar da walda a cikin lokaci bayan tsaftacewa.

2) Tsabtataccen iskar gas mai karewa bai isa ba, kuma tasirin kariya ba shi da kyau.

3) Na'urar samar da iskar gas ba bushe ba ce ko zubar iska ko ruwa.

4) Zaɓin zaɓi mara kyau na sigogin tsarin walda.

5) Rashin kariya daga iskar gas a lokacin aikin walda da kuma saurin walda.

Matakan rigakafi:

1) A tsaftace wurin walda da waya sosai kafin walda.

2) Ya kamata a yi amfani da iskar gas mai kariya, kuma tsabta ya kamata ya dace da ƙayyadaddun bayanai.

3) Ya kamata a kiyaye tsarin samar da iskar gas a bushe don hana iska da zubar ruwa.

4) Zaɓin sigogin tsarin walda ya kamata ya zama m.

5) Kula da kula da daidaitaccen matsayi tsakanin walda fitilar, walda waya, da workpiece, da waldi fitilu ya kamata a matsayin perpendicular zuwa workpiece kamar yadda zai yiwu;

Yi ƙoƙarin yin amfani da gajeren waldi na baka, kuma nisa tsakanin bututun ƙarfe da kayan aikin ya kamata a sarrafa shi a 10-15 mm;

Tocilan walda ya kamata ya rinka tafiya akai-akai a kan layi madaidaiciya, kuma wutar lantarki ta tungsten ta kasance daidai da tsakiyar kabu, kuma a ciyar da wayar gaba da gaba cikin sauri akai-akai;

Ya kamata a kasance da wuraren da ba za a iya iska ba a wurin walda, kuma kada a sami iska.

Ya kamata a fara zafi da sassa masu waldawa yadda ya kamata; Kula da ingancin ƙaddamarwar arc da ƙarewa.

 

2. Rashin shiga da hadewa

Alamar shigar da ba ta cika ba yayin walda ana kiranta shigar da ba ta cika ba.

Bangaren da bead ɗin walda ba ya cika narke da haɗin gwiwa da ƙarfen tushe ko tsakanin ƙullun walda yayin walda ana kiransa fusion ɗin da bai cika ba.

Dalilis:

1) The walda halin yanzu iko ne ma low, da baka ne da tsawo da yawa, walda gudun ne da sauri, da preheating zafin jiki ne low.

2) Tazarar kabu ɗin walda ya yi ƙanƙanta, ɓangarorin da ba su da kyau ya yi yawa, kuma kusurwar tsagi ya yi ƙanƙanta.

3) Cire oxide akan saman ɓangaren welded da tsakanin sassan walda ba shi da tsabta.

4) Rashin ƙware a dabarun aiki, rashin iya fahimtar kyakkyawan lokacin ciyarwar waya.

Matakan rigakafi:

1) Zaɓi daidaitattun sigogin walda na yanzu. Lokacin walda lokacin farin ciki faranti, preheat da workpiece zuwa 80-120 ℃ kafin waldi don tabbatar da cewa workpiece zafin jiki hadu da waldi bukatun.

2) Zabi dace waldi hadin gwiwa gibba da tsagi kwana.

3) Ƙarfafa tsaftacewa na oxides a saman abubuwan da aka haɗa da kuma tsakanin sassan walda.

4) Ƙarfafa walda aiki fasahar kamata daidai yin hukunci da narkewa halin da ake ciki na tsagi ko waldi Layer surface, da kuma amfani da high halin yanzu (gaba ɗaya, wani girman da tsabta da haske narkakkar pool ya kamata a samu a waldi site a cikin 5 seconds bayan baka ƙonewa. kuma za'a iya ƙara waldawar waya a wannan lokacin) don saurin walƙiya da sauri don ciyar da ƙarancin walda. Yin walda a hankali zai iya guje wa faruwar rashin cikar shigar ciki da haɗuwa.

 

3. Cizon baki

Bayan walda, da concave tsagi a junction na tushe karfe da weld gefen ake kira undercutting.

Dalilis:

1) Ma'aunin tsarin walda yana da girma, ƙarfin walda yana da girma, ƙarfin baka yana da girma, kuma shigar da zafi yana da girma.

2) Idan saurin walda ya yi sauri kuma wayar walda ta bar tafkin narkakkar kafin a cika ramin baka, ana iya yankewa.

3) Wutar walda ba daidai ba, matsanancin kusurwar bindigar walda yayin walda, da kuma lilo mara kyau na iya haifar da yankewa.

Matakan rigakafi:

1) Daidaita da rage walda halin yanzu ko baka ƙarfin lantarki.

2) Daidaita haɓaka saurin ciyar da waya ko rage saurin walƙiya da lokacin zama a ƙarshen tafkin narkakkar don sanya katakon walda ya cika sosai.

3) Rage nisa narke yadda ya kamata, ƙara zurfin narkewa, da inganta yanayin kabu na walda yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan murkushe lahani na cizo.

4) Aikin walda ya kamata ya tabbatar da cewa bindigar walda tana juyawa daidai.

 

4. Tungsten clip

Abubuwan da ba na ƙarfe ba da suka ragu a cikin ƙarfen walda yayin walda ana kiran su haɗaɗɗun slag. Lantarki na tungsten yana narkewa kuma ya faɗi cikin narkakken tafkin saboda matsanancin halin yanzu ko karo tare da waya walda mai aiki, yana haifar da haɗa tungsten.

Dalilis:

1) Rashin cikawa tsaftacewa kafin waldawa take kaiwa zuwa mai tsanani hadawan abu da iskar shaka na narke karshen walda waya, sakamakon slag hada.

2) Zaɓin da ba daidai ba na sifofi da sigogi na walda a ƙarshen tungsten electrode ya haifar da ƙona ƙarshen da samuwar tungsten inclusions.

3) Wayar walda tana cikin hulɗa da lantarki na tungsten kuma an yi amfani da iskar gas ɗin da ba ta dace ba.

Matakan rigakafi:

1) Ana iya amfani da hanyoyin tsabtace injina da sinadarai don cire oxides da datti daga tsagi da walda; Ana amfani da wutar lantarki mai saurin bugun bugun jini, kuma ƙarshen narkewar wayar walda koyaushe yana cikin yankin kariya.

2) A halin yanzu walda ya kamata ya dace da siffar tungsten electrode karshen.

3) Inganta ƙwarewar aiki, guje wa hulɗa tsakanin waya walda da lantarki tungsten, da sabunta iskar gas.

 

5. Kone ta hanyar

Saboda tsananin zafin wurin ruwan narkakkar da jinkirin cika waya, narkakkarwar karfen walda yana fita daga cikin ramin kuma ya haifar da lahani.

Dalilis:

1) Yawan walda a halin yanzu.

2) Gudun walda yana da hankali sosai.

3) Tsarin tsagi da izinin taro ba su da ma'ana.

4) Welder yana da ƙarancin ƙwarewar aiki.

Matakan rigakafi:

1) Rage walda halin yanzu daidai.

2) Dace ƙara da waldi gudun.

3) Tsarin tsagi ya kamata ya dace da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai, kuma za'a iya daidaita ratar taro don ƙara yawan ɓacin rai da rage ratar tushen.

4) Mafi kyawun fasahar aiki

 

6. Weld bead overburning da oxidation

Ana samar da samfuran oxidation mai tsanani akan saman ciki da na waje na dunƙulen walda.

Dalilis:

1) Wutar lantarki tungsten ba ta da hankali tare da bututun ƙarfe.

2) Tasirin kariyar iskar gas ba shi da kyau, tsabtataccen iskar gas ba shi da ƙasa, kuma yawan kwararar ruwa kaɗan ne.

3) Zazzabi na narkakken tafkin ya yi yawa.

4) Lantarki na tungsten ya yi nisa sosai kuma tsayin baka ya yi tsayi da yawa.

Matakan rigakafi:

1) Daidaita daidaituwa tsakanin tungsten electrode da bututun ƙarfe.

2) Tabbatar da tsabtar iskar gas kuma ƙara yawan iskar gas daidai.

3) Ƙara halin yanzu da ya dace, inganta saurin walda, da kuma cika waya a kan lokaci.

4) Rage tsawo na tungsten electrode da kyau kuma rage tsayin baka.

 

7. Kara

Karkashin tasirin danniya na walda da wasu dalilai, an lalata karfin haɗin gwiwar atom ɗin ƙarfe a cikin yanki na haɗin gwiwa na walda, wanda ke haifar da raguwa.

Dalilis:

1) Tsarin walda mara ma'ana, wuce gona da iri na walda, da kuma wuce gona da iri na welded.

2) Girman tafkin narke yana da girma sosai, zafin jiki ya yi yawa, kuma akwai yawan ƙonewa na alloy element.

3) An dakatar da baka da sauri, ramin baka bai cika cika ba, kuma ana cire wayar walda da sauri;

4) Matsakaicin fusion na kayan walda bai dace ba. Lokacin da zafin narkewar wayar walda ya yi yawa, zai iya haifar da fashewar ruwa a yankin da zafi ya shafa.

5) Zaɓin da ba daidai ba na abun da ke ciki don walda waya; Lokacin da abun ciki na magnesium a cikin walda bai wuce 3% ba, ko ƙarfe da ƙazanta na silicon ya wuce ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙima, yanayin fashe yana ƙaruwa.

6) Ba'a cika ramin baka ba kuma tsautsayi ya bayyana

Matakan rigakafi:

1) A zane na walda Tsarin ya kamata m, da kuma tsari na welds za a iya gwada tarwatsa. Welds ya kamata a guje wa maida hankali sosai gwargwadon yiwuwa kuma ya kamata a zaɓi jerin walda da hankali.

2) Yi amfani da ƙaramin ƙarfin walda ko ƙara saurin walda daidai.

3) The arc extinguishing dabara dabara ya zama daidai. Ana iya ƙara farantin gubar a wurin kashe baka don gujewa kashewa da sauri, ko kuma a iya amfani da na'urar attenuation na yanzu don cike ramin baka.

4) Zaɓi kayan walda daidai. Abun da ke ciki na wayar walda da aka zaɓa yakamata ya dace da kayan tushe.

5) Ƙara farantin faranti na farawa ko amfani da na'urar attenuation na yanzu don cika ramin baka.